🌧️ Engineering Hydrology

Understanding water cycle, precipitation, and flood routing.

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The Hydrologic Cycle

Continuous movement of water on, above, and below Earth's surface.

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Precipitation Measurement

Rain gauges, radar, and satellite estimation methods.

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Precipitation Data Analysis

Double-mass curve, Thiessen Polygon, Isohyetal & Arithmetic mean.

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IDF Analysis

Intensity-Duration-Frequency curves for urban drainage.

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Infiltration Indices

Determination of Φ-index and W-index to estimate runoff volume.

☀️

Evaporation & Transpiration

Penman’s equation and energy balance methods.

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Initial Abstraction

Interception by vegetation and depression storage.

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Hydrograph Analysis

Rising limb, crest, and recession limb components.

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Unit Hydrograph (UH)

Theory, derivation, and application of the S-curve method.

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Rational Method

Q = CiA/360 for small, peak-flow catchment design.

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Streamflow Measurement

Area-velocity, dilution gauging, and Rating curves.

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Lumped Routing

Reservoir Routing (Modified Puls) and Channel Routing (Muskingum).

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Distributed Routing

St. Venant equations for unsteady, non-uniform flow.

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Probability Distributions

Gumbel’s, Log-Pearson Type III, and Normal distributions.

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Risk & Reliability

Return Period (T) and probability of exceedance (P).

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Aquifer Hydraulics

Darcy’s Law (v = Ki), storage coefficient, and transmissivity.

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Well Hydraulics

Drawdown analysis (Theis and Cooper-Jacob methods).

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Groundwater Recharge

Managing water tables and saltwater intrusion in coastal areas.

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IS 11972

Code of practice for flood estimation.

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CWC Manuals

Guidelines for project hydrology and dam spillway design.

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Software Tools

HEC-HMS, HEC-RAS, and MODFLOW.